RT Journal Article
T1 Development of a solid phase microextraction gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry methodology for the analysis of sixty personal care products in hydroalcoholic gels ˗ hand sanitizers ˗ in the context of COVID-19 pandemic
A1 Vázquez Ferreiro, Lúa
A1 Celeiro Montero, María
A1 Castiñeira Landeira, Ana
A1 Dagnac, Thierry
A1 Llompart Vizoso, María del Pilar
K1 Hydroalcoholic gels
K1 Personal care products
K1 Solid-phase microextraction
K1 Gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
K1 Experimental design
K1 Fragrance allergens
AB Because of the coronavirus pandemic, hydroalcoholic gels have become essential products to prevent the spread of COVID-19. This research aims to develop a simple, fast and sustainable microextraction methodology followed by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) to analyze simultaneously 60 personal care products (PCPs) including fragrances allergens, synthetic musks, preservatives and plasticizers in hand sanitizers. Micro-matrix-solid-phase dispersion (μMSPD) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) were compared with the aim of obtaining high sensitivity and sample throughput. SPME demonstrated higher efficiency being selected as sample treatment. Different dilutions of the sample in ultrapure water were assessed to achieve high sensitivity but, at the same time, to avoid or minimize matrix effect. The most critical parameters affecting SPME (fibre coating, extraction mode and temperature) were optimized by design of experiments (DOE). The method was successfully validated in terms of linearity, precision and accuracy, obtaining recovery values between 80 and 112% for most compounds with relative standard deviation (RSD) values lower than 10%. External calibration using standards prepared in ultrapure water demonstrated suitability due to the absence of matrix effect. Finally, the simple, fast and high throughput method was applied to the analysis of real hydroalcoholic gel samples. Among the 60 target compounds, 39 of them were found, highlighting the high number of fragrance allergens, at concentrations ranging between 0.01 and 217 μg g−1. Most of the samples were not correctly labelled attending cosmetic Regulation (EU) No 1223/2009, and none of them followed the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation for hand sanitizers formulation
PB Elsevier
YR 2022
FD 2022
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10347/29046
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10347/29046
LA eng
NO Analytica Chimica Acta 1203 (2022) 339650
NO This work was supported by projects UNST10-1E-491 (Infrastructure Program, Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain) and ED431 2020/06 (Consolidated Research Groups Program, Xunta de Galicia). The authors belong to the National Network for the Innovation in miniaturized sample preparation techniques, RED2018-102522-T (Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, Spain). This study is based upon work from the Sample Preparation Study Group and Network, supported by the Division of Analytical Chemistry of the European Chemical Society, and upon work from the IUPAC project No. 2021-015-2-500 ‘Greenness of official standard sample preparation methods”. All these programmes are co-funded by FEDER (EU)
DS Minerva
RD 27 abr 2026