RT Journal Article
T1 The LHCb VELO detector: Design, operation and first results
A1 Rodríguez Rodríguez, Efrén
K1 Vertex detectors in high energy physics with high luminosity scenarios
K1 Silicon sensors for tracking detectors in high energy physics
AB The LHCb experiment has been upgraded during the second long shutdown of the Large Hadron Collider atCERN, and a new set of refurbished detectors are currently operating at the LHC. The Vertex Locator (VELO) detector surrounds the proton beams interaction region, it is responsible of the reconstruction of the proton–proton collision (primary vertices) as well as the decay vertices of long-lived particles (secondary vertices). The VELO consists of 52 modules using hybrid silicon pixel detector technology. Compared to the previousdetector, the new VELO encompass an enhanced track reconstruction speed and precision, even at the expectedmuch higher occupancy conditions, thanks to its pixel geometry and the reduced distance to the LHC beams, with the first sensitive pixel being at just 5.1 mm from the beam line.The sensors consist of 200 μm thick n-on-p planar silicon sensors, read out via front-end ASICs. The detector contains 41 million 55 μm × 55 μm pixels, read out by a custom developed front-end ASIC (VeloPix), cooled by evaporative CO2 circulating in 500 μm thick silicon microchannel substrates. The VELO operates in an extreme environment, which poses significant challenges to its operation. During the lifetime of the detector, the sensors are foreseen to accumulate an integrated fluence of up to 8 × 10151 MeVneqcm−2, roughly equivalent to a dose of 400 MRad. Moreover, due to the geometry of the detector, the sensors will face a highly non-uniform irradiation, with fluences in the hottest regions expected to vary by a factor 400 within the same sensor. The highest occupancy ASICs foresee a maximum pixel hit rate of 900 Mhit∕s and an output data rate exceeding15 Gbit∕s. The design, operation and early results evaluating the radiation damage and detector performance throughout the first year of operation will be presented in this paper
PB Elsevier
SN 0168-9002
YR 2024
FD 2024-05-23
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10347/34915
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10347/34915
LA eng
NO Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 1065 (2024) 169469
NO The author gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the following funding agencies: AGENCIA ESTATAL DE INVESTIGACION, Gobierno de España, under projects PID2022-140591NB-I00 and PID2019-110378GB-I00. Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Universidade da Xunta de Galicia , under project ED431C 2022/30
DS Minerva
RD 24 abr 2026