RT Journal Article
T1 Is there a pollution haven in European Union global value chain participation?
A1 Campos Romero, Hugo
A1 Mourão, Paulo Jorge Reis
A1 Rodil Marzábal, Óscar
K1 Pollution haven hypothesis 
K1 European Union 
K1 Global value chains 
K1 Pollution  halo hypothesis 
K1 Environmental regulation 
K1 CO2 emissions
AB This paper aims to test the pollution haven hypothesis within the European Union (EU), especially among newcomer countries, through the participation in global value chains (GVCs). The study used a combination of multiregional input–output method and multilevel mixed econometric analysis to investigate the relationship between global value chain trade flows, foreign direct investment flows, energy consumption, and carbon emissions across countries, sectors, and time. The study tested both the “pollution haven” and “pollution halo” hypotheses and found a non-linear relationship between foreign capital flows and carbon emissions, which became less relevant after the economic integration process. The results suggest the existence of a pollution haven in Europe. Although Eastern economies still exhibit problematic issues in relation to pollution control, they have made significant progress in reducing their emissions intensity. The conclusions include some policy recommendations based on the main findings of the research
PB Springer
SN 1387-585X
YR 2023
FD 2023-07-13
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10347/31214
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10347/31214
LA eng
NO Environ Dev Sustain (2023)
NO Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This research has been supported by the ICEDE research group, Galician Competitive Research Group ED431C 2022/15 financed by Xunta de Galicia; and by the National Funds of the FCT—Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology within the project «UIDB/03182/2020»
DS Minerva
RD 23 abr 2026