RT Journal Article T1 OMP4Py: A pure Python implementation of openMP A1 Piñeiro Pomar, César Alfredo A1 Pichel Campos, Juan Carlos K1 OpenMP K1 Python K1 Parallelism K1 Multithreading K1 Scalability AB Python demonstrates lower performance in comparison to traditional high performance computing (HPC) languages such as C, C++, and Fortran. This performance gap is largely due to Python’s interpreted nature and the Global Interpreter Lock (GIL), which hampers multithreading efficiency. However, the latest version of Python includes the necessary changes to make the interpreter thread-safe, allowing Python code to run without the GIL. This important update will enable users to fully exploit multithreading parallelism in Python. In order to facilitate that task, this paper introduces OMP4Py, the first pure Python implementation of OpenMP. We demonstrate that it is possible to bring OpenMP’s familiar directive-based parallelization paradigm to Python, allowing developers to write parallel code with the same level of control and flexibility as in C, C++, or Fortran. The experimental evaluation shows that OMP4Py significantly impacts the performance of various types of applications, although the current threading limitations of Python’s interpreter (v3.13) reduce its effectiveness for numerical PB Elsevier SN 0167-739X YR 2025 FD 2025-08-05 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10347/43354 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10347/43354 LA eng NO Piñeiro, C., & Pichel, J. C. (2025). OMP4Py: A pure Python implementation of OpenMP. ”Future Generation Computer Systems”, 175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2025.108035 NO This work was supported by MICINN, Spain [PLEC2021-007662, PID2022-137061OB-C22]; Xunta de Galicia, Spain [ED431G 2019/04, ED431F 2020/08, ED431C 2022/16]; and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) . DS Minerva RD 28 abr 2026