RT Journal Article
T1 Ecotoxicity of binary mixtures of ILs and inorganic salts of electrochemical interest
A1 Parajó Vieito, Juan José
A1 Vallet Moreno, Pablo
A1 Varela Cabo, Luis Miguel
A1 Villanueva López, María
A1 Salgado Carballo, Josefa
K1 Ionic liquids
K1 Ecotoxicity
K1 Smart electrolyte
K1 Microtox®
AB The applicability of ionic liquids (ILs) has increased over the last years, and even new opportunities are becoming a reality, i.e. mixtures of pure IL and inorganic salt as electrolytes for smart electrochemical devices, yet the effects on the environment are almost unknown. In this work, the ecotoxicity of two pure protic ILs (Ethylammonium nitrate and Ethylimidazolium nitrate) and two pure aprotic ILs (butylmethylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and butyldimethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) and that of their binary mixtures with inorganic salts with common cation was tested towards changes in the bioluminescence of the bacteria Aliivibrio fischeri, using the Microtox® standard toxicity test. EC50 of these mixtures was determined over three standard periods of time and compared with the corresponding values to pure ILs. Results indicate that the aprotic ILs are more toxic than protic and that aromatic are more toxic than non-aromatic. The addition of inorganic mono (LiNO3), di (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O) and trivalent (Al(NO3)3·9H2O) salts in binary mixtures with EAN was analysed first. The latter was found to induce an important increase in toxicity. Finally, mixtures of IL-inorganic lithium salt (LiNO3, for the protic ILs and LiTFSI for the aprotic ILs) toxicity was also studied, which showed toxicity levels strongly dependent on the IL of the mixture
PB Springer
YR 2021
FD 2021
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10347/29001
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10347/29001
LA eng
NO Environmental Science and Pollution Research 29, 24983–24994 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17515-1
NO Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and FEDER Program through the MAT2017-89239-C2-1-P project as well as by the Xunta de Galicia through the GRC ED431C 2020/10 project and the Galician Network of Ionic Liquids (ReGaLIs) ED431D 2017/06. P. Vallet and J. J. Parajó wish to thank the FPI program from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Education and Universities and the I2C postdoctoral program of the Xunta de Galicia for their support in funding the study
DS Minerva
RD 27 abr 2026