RT Journal Article T1 Normalizing VES production functions: extending the supply-side system approach A1 Río Iglesias, Fernando del A1 Rebelo, Francisco K1 Variable elasticity of substitution (VES) K1 Normalization K1 Factor-Augmenting Technical Change K1 Identification K1 Capital-labour elasticity of substitution K1 Normalized supply-side system AB This paper extends the Klump et al. (2007) normalization procedure to Variable Elasticity of Substitution (VES) production functions. Normalization addresses identification issues in VES model estimation, allowing joint estimation of substitution elasticities and factor-augmenting technical change, while offering a tractable extension of the normalized supply-side system that bridges the gap between CES and more flexible VES specifications. PB Elsevier SN 0165-1765 YR 2026 FD 2026 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10347/45008 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10347/45008 LA eng NO del Río, F., & Rebelo, F. (2025). Normalizing VES Production Functions: Extending the Supply-Side System Approach. Economics Letters, 112794. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ECONLET.2025.112794 NO We acknowledge the financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Sciences and Innovation (PID2023-147667NB-I00) and Xunta de Galicia (GRC GI-2060 ED431C2023/05) DS Minerva RD 23 abr 2026