RT Journal Article
T1 Population Genetics of Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae: One Host (Apis mellifera) and Two Different Histories
A1 Maside Rodríguez, Xulio Manuel
A1 Gómez Moracho, Tamara
A1 Jara, Laura
A1 Martín Hernández, Raquel
A1 Rúa, Pilar de la
A1 Higes, Mariano
A1 Bartolomé Husson, Carolina
AB Two microsporidians are known to infect honey bees: Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae. Whereas population genetics data for the latter have been released in the last few years, such information is still missing for N. apis. Here we analyze the patterns of nucleotide polymorphism at three single-copy loci (PTP2, PTP3 and RPB1) in a collection of Apis mellifera isolates from all over the world, naturally infected either with N. apis (N = 22) or N. ceranae (N = 23), to provide new insights into the genetic diversity, demography and evolution of N. apis, as well as to compare them with evidence from N. ceranae. Neutral variation in N. apis and N. ceranae is of the order of 1%. This amount of diversity suggests that there is no substantial differentiation between the genetic content of the two nuclei present in these parasites, and evidence for genetic recombination provides a putative mechanism for the flow of genetic information between chromosomes. The analysis of the frequency spectrum of neutral variants reveals a significant surplus of low frequency variants, particularly in N. ceranae, and suggests that the populations of the two pathogens are not in mutation-drift equilibrium and that they have experienced a population expansion. Most of the variation in both species occurs within honey bee colonies (between 62%-90% of the total genetic variance), although in N. apis there is evidence for differentiation between parasites isolated from distinct A. mellifera lineages (20%-34% of the total variance), specifically between those collected from lineages A and C (or M). This scenario is consistent with a long-term host-parasite relationship and contrasts with the lack of differentiation observed among host-lineages in N. ceranae (< 4% of the variance), which suggests that the spread of this emergent pathogen throughout the A. mellifera worldwide population is a recent event.
PB PLOS
YR 2015
FD 2015
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10347/21794
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10347/21794
LA eng
NO Maside X, Gómez-Moracho T, Jara L,Martín-Hernández R, De la Rúa P, Higes M, et al.(2015) Population Genetics ofNosema apisandNosema ceranae: One Host (Apis mellifera) and TwoDifferent Histories. PLoS ONE 10(12): e0145609.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0145609
NO This study was supported by funds from the Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria (INIA; http://www.inia.es/; grant numbers RTA2013-00042-C10-05 and 06), the Regional Government of Murcia (Fundación Séneca; http://fseneca.es/; grant number 19908/GERM/2015) and the Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente (MAGRAMA; Plan Apícola Nacional 2014; http://www.magrama.gob.es). PDR is presently a member and receives support from COST Action FA1307, Sustainable pollination in Europe: joint research on bees and other pollinators, SUPER-B (http://www.cost.eu/COST_Actions/fa/Actions/FA1307)
DS Minerva
RD 22 abr 2026