RT Journal Article T1 Artificial Intelligence in Science and Society: The Vision of USERN A1 Dorigo, Tommaso A1 Nieto Fontarigo, Juan José A1 Yazdanpanah, Niloufar K1 Agriculture K1 Artificial intelligence K1 Computer science K1 Geography K1 Mathematics K1 Medicine K1 Physics K1 Psychology K1 Science ethics K1 Scientific research AB The recent rise in relevance and diffusion of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based systems and the increasing number and power of applications of AI methods invites a profound reflection on the impact of these innovative systems on scientific research and society at large. The Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), an organization that promotes initiatives to support interdisciplinary science and education across borders and actively works to improve science policy, collects here the vision of its Advisory Board members, together with a selection of AI experts, to summarize how we see developments in this exciting technology impacting science and society in the foreseeable future. In this review, we first attempt to establish clear definitions of intelligence and consciousness, then provide an overview of AI's state of the art and its applications. A discussion of the implications, opportunities, and liabilities of the diffusion of AI for research in a few representative fields of science follows this. Finally, we address the potential risks of AI to modern society, suggest strategies for mitigating those risks, and present our conclusions and recommendations. PB Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers YR 2025 FD 2025 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10347/46343 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10347/46343 LA eng NO T. Dorigo et al., "Artificial Intelligence in Science and Society: The Vision of USERN," in IEEE Access, vol. 13, pp. 15993-16054, 2025, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3529357 DS Minerva RD 21 may 2026