RT Journal Article T1 Bioinstructive Layer-by-Layer-Coated Customizable 3D Printed Perfusable Microchannels Embedded in Photocrosslinkable Hydrogels for Vascular Tissue Engineering A1 Sousa, Cristiana A1 Saraiva, Catarina A1 Correia, Tiago A1 Pesqueira, Tamagno A1 Patricio, Sonia A1 Rial Hermida, María Isabel A1 Borges, Joao A1 Mano, Joao K1 Biocompatible polymers K1 3D printing K1 Perfusable multilayered microchannels K1 Natural-origin hydrogels K1 Endothelial cells K1 Modular tissue engineering AB The development of complex and large 3D vascularized tissue constructs remains the major goal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). To date, several strategies have been proposed to build functional and perfusable vascular networks in 3D tissue-engineered constructs to ensure the long-term cell survival and the functionality of the assembled tissues after implantation. However, none of them have been entirely successful in attaining a fully functional vascular network. Herein, we report an alternative approach to bioengineer 3D vascularized constructs by embedding bioinstructive 3D multilayered microchannels, developed by combining 3D printing with the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technology, in photopolymerizable hydrogels. Alginate (ALG) was chosen as the ink to produce customizable 3D sacrificial microstructures owing to its biocompatibility and structural similarity to the extracellular matrices of native tissues. ALG structures were further LbL coated with bioinstructive chitosan and arginine–glycine–aspartic acid-coupled ALG multilayers, embedded in shear-thinning photocrosslinkable xanthan gum hydrogels and exposed to a calcium-chelating solution to form perfusable multilayered microchannels, mimicking the biological barriers, such as the basement membrane, in which the endothelial cells were seeded, denoting an enhanced cell adhesion. The 3D constructs hold great promise for engineering a wide array of large-scale 3D vascularized tissue constructs for modular TERM strategies. PB MDPI YR 2021 FD 2021-06-10 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10347/39460 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10347/39460 LA eng NO Sousa, C.F.V.; Saraiva, C.A.; Correia, T.R.; Pesqueira, T.; Patrício, S.G.; Rial-Hermida, M.I.; Borges, J.; Mano, J.F. Bioinstructive Layer-by-Layer-Coated Customizable 3D Printed Perfusable Microchannels Embedded in Photocrosslinkable Hydrogels for Vascular Tissue Engineering. Biomolecules 2021, 11, 863. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11060863 DS Minerva RD 28 abr 2026