RT Journal Article T1 Analysis of the R1b-DF27 haplogroup shows that a large fraction of Iberian Y-chromosome lineages originated recently in situ A1 Solé Morata, Neus A1 Villaescusa, Patricia A1 García Fernández, Carla A1 Font Porterias, Neus A1 Illescas, María José A1 Valverde, Laura A1 Tassi, Francesca A1 Ghirotto, Silvia A1 Férec, Claude A1 Rouault, Karen A1 Jiménez Moreno, Susana A1 Martínez Jarreta, Begoña A1 Pinheiro, Maria Fátima A1 Zarrabeitia, María T. A1 Carracedo Álvarez, Ángel A1 Pancorbo, Marian M. de A1 Calafell, Francesc AB Haplogroup R1b-M269 comprises most Western European Y chromosomes; of its main branches, R1b-DF27 is by far the least known, and it appears to be highly prevalent only in Iberia. We have genotyped 1072 R1b-DF27 chromosomes for six additional SNPs and 17 Y-STRs in population samples from Spain, Portugal and France in order to further characterize this lineage and, in particular, to ascertain the time and place where it originated, as well as its subsequent dynamics. We found that R1b-DF27 is present in frequencies ~40% in Iberian populations and up to 70% in Basques, but it drops quickly to 6–20% in France. Overall, the age of R1b-DF27 is estimated at ~4,200 years ago, at the transition between the Neolithic and the Bronze Age, when the Y chromosome landscape of W Europe was thoroughly remodeled. In spite of its high frequency in Basques, Y-STR internal diversity of R1b-DF27 is lower there, and results in more recent age estimates; NE Iberia is the most likely place of origin of DF27. Subhaplogroup frequencies within R1b-DF27 are geographically structured, and show domains that are reminiscent of the pre-Roman Celtic/Iberian division, or of the medieval Christian kingdoms. PB Nature Publishing Group YR 2017 FD 2017 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10347/22673 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10347/22673 LA eng NO Solé-Morata, N., Villaescusa, P., García-Fernández, C. et al. Analysis of the R1b-DF27 haplogroup shows that a large fraction of Iberian Y-chromosome lineages originated recently in situ. Sci Rep 7, 7341 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07710-x NO Funding was provided by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación and Fondo Europeo de Desarollo Regional (FEDER) (grants CGL2013-44351-P, CGL2016-75389-P), by Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de la Recerca (Generalitat de Catalunya) grant 2014 SGR 866, and by the Basque Government (IT-424-07). FT was supported by the ERC Advanced Grant Agreement No 295733, ‘LanGeLin’ project DS Minerva RD 23 abr 2026