RT Journal Article
T1 Feasibility of Multiplex Cytokine Profiling in Preterm Labor: Towards Biomarker Discovery
A1 Llano, Ruth
A1 Ardao Palacios, Inés
A1 Brea Floriani, José Manuel
A1 Romero, Luz
A1 Pata, María P.
A1 Martínez Rodríguez, Antón Leandro
A1 Macía Cortiñas, Manuel
A1 Loza García, María Isabel
K1 Preterm delivery
K1 Urinary cytokines
K1 Cytokine network
K1 Inflammatory pathways
K1 IL-1 signaling
K1 GAMLSS
K1 Luminex multiplex technology
K1 Exploratory biomarker discovery
AB Preterm delivery affects approximately 10% of pregnancies worldwide and remains a major clinical challenge due to the lack of reliable early predictive tools. Existing strategies are often invasive, relying on blood or amniotic fluid samples and requiring complex processing. In this study, we describe a novel non-invasive approach based on the multiplex detection of inflammatory cytokines in small urine volumes from pregnant women. To account for clinical and temporal variability, we applied Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS) to adjust for gestational age at sampling and obstetric factors. Correlation network analyses revealed cytokine interactions that distinguished preterm from term deliveries, with macrophage-derived cytokines—MIP- 1α, MIP-1β, IL-15, and IL-22—emerging as central nodes. These findings highlight the involvement of the IL-1 pathway in the pathophysiology of preterm labor. Furthermore, urinary IL-5 and IL-31 levels correlated positively with pregnancy duration, whereas IL-1β and IL-1Ra in urine and TNFα in amniotic fluid showed inverse associations. Altogether, this non-invasive methodology provides insight into immune dynamics during pregnancy and offers a foundation for future studies focused on biomarker discovery and mechanistic understanding of preterm birth.
PB MDPI
SN 2079-7737
YR 2025
FD 2025-06-17
LK https://hdl.handle.net/10347/42406
UL https://hdl.handle.net/10347/42406
LA eng
NO Llano, R.; Ardao, I.; Brea, J.M.; Romero, L.; Pata, M.P.; Martínez, A.L.; Macía, M.; Loza, M.I. Feasibility of Multiplex Cytokine Profiling in Preterm Labor: Towards Biomarker Discovery. Biology 2025, 14, 714.
NO Xunta de Galicia (ED431C 2022/20)
NO European Regional Development Fund
NO Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities
NO European Union NextGenerationEU
NO Biotechnology Plan Applied to Health
DS Minerva
RD 29 abr 2026