RT Journal Article T1 Accelerated inbreeding depression suggests synergistic epistasis for deleterious mutations in Drosophila melanogaster A1 Domínguez García, Sara A1 García Suárez, Carlos A1 Quesada, Humberto A1 Caballero Rúa, Armando K1 Drosophila melanogaster K1 Epistasis K1 Quantitative genetics K1 Evolutionary biology AB Epistasis may have important consequences for a number of issues in quantitative genetics and evolutionary biology. Inparticular, synergistic epistasis for deleterious alleles is relevant to the mutation load paradox and the evolution of sex andrecombination. Some studies have shown evidence of synergistic epistasis for spontaneous or induced deleterious mutationsappearing in mutation-accumulation experiments. However, many newly arising mutations may not actually be segregatingin natural populations because of the erasing action of natural selection. A demonstration of synergistic epistasis for naturallysegregating alleles can be achieved by means of inbreeding depression studies, as deleterious recessive allelic effects areexposed in inbred lines. Nevertheless, evidence of epistasis from these studies is scarce and controversial. In this paper, wereport the results of two independent inbreeding experiments carried out with two different populations of Drosophilamelanogaster. The results show a consistent accelerated inbreeding depression for fitness, suggesting synergistic epistasisamong deleterious alleles. We also performed computer simulations assuming different possible models of epistasis andmutational parameters for fitness, finding some of them to be compatible with the results observed. Our results suggest thatsynergistic epistasis for deleterious mutations not only occurs among newly arisen spontaneous or induced mutations, butalso among segregating alleles in natural populations PB Nature Publishing Group SN 0018-067X YR 2019 FD 2019 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10347/21481 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10347/21481 LA eng NO Domínguez-García, S., García, C., Quesada, H. et al. Accelerated inbreeding depression suggests synergistic epistasis for deleterious mutations in Drosophila melanogaster. Heredity 123, 709–722 (2019) NO We acknowledge the support by UvigoMarine Research Centre funded by the “Excellence in Research(INUGA)” Programme from the Regional Council of Culture, Education and Universities, with co-funding from the European Unionthrough the ERDF Operational Programme Galicia 2014-2020. Thiswork was funded by Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) (CGL2016-75904-C2-1-P), Xunta de Galicia (ED431C 2016-037) andFondos Feder: “Unha maneira de facer Europa.” SD was founded by apredoctoral (FPI) grant from Ministerio de Economía yCompetitividad, Spain DS Minerva RD 24 abr 2026