RT Journal Article
T1 Novel gas-diffusion microextraction followed by gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry methodology for the determination of fragrance allergens in cosmetic products
A1 Castiñeira Landeira, Ana
A1 Gómez-Feas, Ángel
A1 Carro Díaz, Antonia María
A1 Dagnac, Thierry
A1 Almeida, Paulo J.
A1 Llompart Vizoso, María del Pilar
K1 GDME
K1 GC–MS/MS
K1 Fragrance allergens
K1 Cosmetic products
K1 Sample preparation
K1 Analytical metrics
K1 AGREEPrep
AB An efficient sample preparation method using gas-diffusion microextraction (GDME) followed by gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) is proposed for the first time to determine fragrance allergens in both aqueous and alcohol-based cosmetic products. The most significant GDME parameters were optimized, starting with extraction temperature as a preliminary experiment. Subsequently, an experimental design was performed to evaluate the influence of six parameters: acceptor solution volume, acetonitrile percentage in the acceptor solution, sample dilution, salting-out effect, extraction time, and sample volume. Under the optimized conditions, the method was validated in terms of linearity, precision, trueness, obtaining a good performance. The validated methodology was applied to twelve real cosmetic samples, demonstrating the widespread occurrence of these allergens in cosmetics. Notably, lilial, a compound prohibited by Regulation EC No 1223/2009, was detected in one cosmetic product (460 μg mL-1); and the concentrations of some of the target fragrance allergens in some samples reach values above 1000 μg mL-1. This methodology represents a sustainable and practical approach, supported by AGREEPrep and BAGI metrics, respectively.
PB Elsevier
YR 2025
FD 2025
LK https://hdl.handle.net/10347/41684
UL https://hdl.handle.net/10347/41684
LA eng
NO Castiñeira-Landeira, A., Gomez-Feas, A., Carro, A. M., Dagnac, T., Almeida, P. J., Llompart, M. (2025). Novel gas-diffusion microextraction followed by gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry methodology for the determination of fragrance allergens in cosmetic products. "Advances In Sample Preparation", vol. 14, 00187
NO This research is based on the Sample Preparation Study Group and Network, supported by the Division of Analytical Chemistry of the Eu ropean Chemical Society. Some of the authors are affiliated with the National Network for Sustainable Sample Preparation, RED2022–134079-T (Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, Spain). M.L. acknowledges the IUPAC project 2021–015–2–500: Greenness of official standard sample preparation methods
DS Minerva
RD 24 abr 2026