RT Journal Article T1 Analysis of intra-thallus and temporal variability of trace elements and nitrogen in Fucus vesiculosus: Sampling protocol optimization for biomonitoring A1 García Seoane, Rita A1 Fernández Escribano, José Ángel A1 Boquete Seoane, María Teresa A1 Aboal Viñas, Jesús K1 Aquatic pollution K1 Seasonality K1 Algae K1 Metals K1 d15N AB To advance the methodological standardization of the biomonitoring technique using macroalgae, we comprehensively characterized the intra-thallus and temporal patterns of variation in concentrations of a wide set of elements (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn, N) and δ15N signal in 6 consecutive Fucus vesiculosus apical dichotomous sections collected monthly over a four-year period (2015–2019) at 3 sites on the NW coast of Spain. The concentrations of Al, Co, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn increased significantly from the youngest to the oldest dichotomies regardless of the sampling time and collection site; As, Cd, N and δ15N showed the opposite trend. Time series analysis revealed a significant and consistent seasonal variation of As, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ni, Zn, N and δ15N concentrations, with maximum values in winter and minimum values in summer. We discussed the possible mechanisms driving these two sources of variation, and proposed an efficient and effective sampling strategy to minimize their impact in the results of biomonitoring studies, in which the part of the algal thallus selected for chemical analysis and the sampling frequency were carefully considered. This protocol will improve the conclusions and comparability of biomonitoring data from coastal environments. PB Elsevier YR 2021 FD 2021-06-30 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10347/44624 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10347/44624 LA eng NO García-Seoane, R., Fernández, J.Á., Boquete, M.T, & Aboal, J.R. (2021). Analysis of intra-thallus and temporal variability of trace elements and nitrogen in Fucus vesiculosus: Sampling protocol optimization for biomonitoring. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 412 DS Minerva RD 21 may 2026