RT Journal Article
T1 Comparing Close-Field and Open-Field Autorefractometry and Subjective Refraction
A1 Noya Padín, Verónica
A1 Nores Palmas, Noelia
A1 Sabucedo Villamarín, Belén
A1 Giráldez Fernández, María Jesús
A1 Yebra-Pimentel Vilar, Eva
A1 Pena Verdeal, Hugo
K1 Autorefraction
K1 NVision-K 5001
K1 Refractive error measurement
K1 Subjective refraction
K1 Visionix VX120
AB Background/Objectives: Autorefractometers are valuable tools in clinical practice, but their accuracy is often questioned, especially in the pediatric population. This study aimed to compare refraction data from open-field and close-field autorefractometers and subjective refraction without using cycloplegia. Methods: A total of 50 eyes of 50 participants (19 males and 31 females, 11.8 ± 1.56 years) were evaluated. In a single visit, objective refraction was performed using NVision-K 5001 (open-field) and Visionix VX120 (close-field) autorefractometers, and subjective refraction using the fogging technique. Differences between procedures were assessed for sphere, spherical equivalent, and cylindrical vectors J0 and J45 using the Friedman test, followed by the post hoc Wilcoxon test as needed. Results: Significant differences were found in the sphere between the three procedures (all p ≤ 0.032). For the spherical equivalent, the Visionix VX120 differed significantly with the other two techniques (both p < 0.001), whereas no significant differences were found between NVision-K 5001 and subjective refraction (p = 0.193). Finally, no significant differences were observed for J0 and J45 vectors among the procedures (both p ≥ 0.166). Conclusions: There are certain discrepancies between autorefractometers and the subjective assessment of refractive error, most evident in measurements taken with the close-field device, possibly due to greater accommodative stimulation. However, in contexts such as visual screening or as a preliminary guide in the clinic, the values obtained by autorefractometry can provide useful information.
PB MDPI
YR 2025
FD 2025-08
LK https://hdl.handle.net/10347/42732
UL https://hdl.handle.net/10347/42732
LA eng
NO Noya-Padin, V.; Nores-Palmas, N.; SabucedoVillamarin, B.; Giraldez, M.J.; Yebra-Pimentel, E.; Pena-Verdeal, H. Comparing Close-Field and Open-Field Autorefractometry and Subjective Refraction. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 5680. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/jcm1416568
DS Minerva
RD 24 abr 2026