Spanish wind legal framework: to the environmental advance from the Galician case?

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Universidad de Extremadura. Centro Universitario de Plasencia
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During the last two decades, the renewable energies have got a main role in the world energy system, overall the development of wind energy. In this way, United States, China and the European Union have reached the leaders positions of instaled wind capacity, being Spain on a prominent level and specially, the region of Galicia. However, this expansion was not without controversy because social acceptance depends on the transparency of the administrative process for the implementation of a wind farm, the reversion of citizenship or benefits on the valuation of forest land where they are located. In Spain the wind sector evolved under markedly productivist public policy, stationing himself by not defining a comprehensive regulatory framework that would allow participation and defense of all participating agents, as had happened in countries such as Denmark, Holland and Germany. The absence of comprehensive regulatory framework that has been a defining feature of the wind farm in Galicia advance, which slowed the evolution of the sector and resulted in several complaints to the courts of justice. We analyze the rules that regulated the wind sector in Galicia in the period 1995-2010, to determine the possible developments in the regulation, particularly on environmental issues.
Durante las últimas dos décadas, las energías renovables han tenido un papel importante en el sistema mundial de energía, sobre todo en el desarrollo de la energía eólica. Estados Unidos, China y la Unión Europea se encuentran a la cabeza en cuanto al desarrollo de energía eólica instalada, encontrándose España en un nivel destacado y, especialmente, la región de Galicia. Sin embargo, esta expansión no estuvo exenta de polémica debido a la falta de transparencia en el proceso administrativo para la implantación de un parque eólico. En España el sector eólico se desarrolló sin un marco normativo integral que permitiera la participación de todos los agentes, como había sucedido en países como Dinamarca, Holanda y Alemania. La ausencia de un marco normativo completo retrasó la evolución del sector eólico en Galicia y dio lugar a varias denuncias ante los tribunales de justicia. En este trabajo analizamos las normas que regulaban el sector eólico en Galicia en el período 1995-2010, para determinar los posibles desarrollos en la regulación, en particular en las cuestiones ambientales.

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REGUEIRO FERREIRA, R.M. y DOLDÁN GARCÍA, X.R. (2014). Spanish wind legal framework: to the environmental advance from the Galician case?. Revista de Estudios Económicos y Empresariales, 26, 113-135. ISSN 0212-7237

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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International