Towards Comprehensive Nanoparticle Assessment in Biological Media: Application of Single-Particle, Single-Cell, and Laser-Ablation ICP-MS

Abstract

Engineered nanoparticles, ENPs, have become ubiquitous in modern society, yet their detection in environmental and biological systems remains analytically challenging. This thesis advances the field of nanometrology by developing and applying innovative strategies based on inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS in its most advanced operational modes: single-particle, single-cell, and laser ablation ICP-MS. The development of matrix-specific pre-treatments strategies enable reliable NP characterization and quantification in tap water, human serum and urine, and red blood cells, RBCs. The present thesis targets different aspects of NP assessment: environmental exposure detection, biological monitoring in fluids, and cellular uptake dynamics.