Analysis of the Differences in Ocular Surface Damage and Inflammatory Signs between Healthy and Evaporative Dry Eye Participants

Abstract

Objective: Distinguish between EDE severity levels by analysing the MGLA, conjunctival hyperemia and corneal staining. Methods: One hundred participants were recruited based on OSDI, TO, TFBUT, TMH, and LLP to be categorised as healthy (Group 1) or EDE (Group 2). Group 2 was divided into Group 2A (mild symptoms), 2B (moderate), and 2C (severe). MGLA, conjunctival hyperemia, and corneal staining were measured. Results: Positive correlation between MGLA, conjunctival hyperemia, and corneal staining were found (all r ≥ 0.221, p ≤ 0.027). Significant differences were found: MGLA between Group 1 vs. 2C and 2C vs. 2A or 2B; conjunctival hyperemia between Group 1 vs. 2A, 2B or 2C; corneal staining between Group 1 vs. 2B or 2C and 2A vs. 2B or 2C (all p ≤ 0.049). Conclusion: Severe EDE participants have higher MGLA, conjunctival hyperemia, and corneal staining values than healthy, mild, or moderate EDE participants.