Reserva cognitiva y demencia
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Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones
Abstract
Según los estudios demográficos se calcula que en nuestro país en el año 2020 la proporción del número de ancianos será del 20-25%. Este envejecimiento de la población comporta un incremento notable de las enfermedades ligadas a la edad, donde se incluyen los procesos neurodegenerativos. Se ha sugerido que la Reserva Cognitiva es un mecanismo que vincula los niveles educativos bajos con un riesgo mayor de padecer un proceso neurodegenerativo. La reserva, o la habilidad del cerebro de tolerar mejor los efectos de la patología de la demencia, puede ser el resultado de una habilidad innata o de los efectos de las experiencias vividas, tales como la educación o la ocupación laboral. Algunos autores sugieren el término “reserva cerebral” para hablar de ideas más pasivas de reserva, basándose en características propias del individuo tales como el tamaño cerebral, el número de neuronas o la densidad sináptica que ayudan a compensar posibles enfermedades degenerativas del Sistema Nervioso Central. En este trabajo, pretendemos exponer aquellas posibles variables que soportan la teoría de esta hipótesis.
According to demographic studies, 20-25% of the population of Spain will be elderly in 2020. This ageing of the population entails a notable increase in age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative processes. Cognitive Reserve has been suggested as the mechanism linking low levels of education with greater risk of neurodegenerative diseases. This reserve, the ability of the brain to better tolerate the effects of a pathology of dementia, may be the result of an innate gift or the effect of life experience, such as education or type of job. Other authors suggest the term brain reserve to refer to more passive ideas of reserve, based on characteristics of the individual such as brain size, number of neurons or synaptic density which help to compensate for possible degenerative diseases of the Central Nervous System. The aim of this work is to show all the possible variables supporting the theory of this hypothesis.
According to demographic studies, 20-25% of the population of Spain will be elderly in 2020. This ageing of the population entails a notable increase in age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative processes. Cognitive Reserve has been suggested as the mechanism linking low levels of education with greater risk of neurodegenerative diseases. This reserve, the ability of the brain to better tolerate the effects of a pathology of dementia, may be the result of an innate gift or the effect of life experience, such as education or type of job. Other authors suggest the term brain reserve to refer to more passive ideas of reserve, based on characteristics of the individual such as brain size, number of neurons or synaptic density which help to compensate for possible degenerative diseases of the Central Nervous System. The aim of this work is to show all the possible variables supporting the theory of this hypothesis.
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Rodríguez Álvarez, M., & Sánchez Rodríguez, J. L. (2004). COGNITIVE RESERVE AND DEMENTIA. Anales De Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 20(2), 175-186
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© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2004. The works are published in the online edition of the journal under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 (legal text)







