Longitudinal analysis of variation in status and diagnostic stability of untreated dry eye disease

Abstract

Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex ocular condition caused by tear film homeostasis disruption, resulting in ocular signs and symptoms [1]. The Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society Dry Eye Workshop (TFOS DEWS II) introduced a diagnostic methodology that considers not only the presence or absence of symptoms and signs, but also accounts for cases of symptoms without obvious signs (Pre-clinical DED) and marked signs without symptoms (Predisposition to DED) [1]. However, there is a lack of well-designed studies that track changes in DED statuses, signs, symptoms, severity, or the natural history of treated and untreated patients. TFOS DEWS II emphasizes the need for well-designed studies to estimate the natural course of the disease [1]. This study aims to analyse the status variation in untreated DED participants over 4, 6, and 8 years.