Fin de trayecto. El desmantelamiento de los partidos agrarios en Europa centro-oriental, 1944-1948
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Fundación Instituto de Historia Social
Abstract
Los partidos agrarios eran especialmente fuertes en la región conquistada por el Ejército Rojo en la fase final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. En los pocos años que van de la derrota de Alemania y sus aliados a la imposición de regímenes al estilo soviético, se convirtieron en el principal obstáculo entre los partidos comunistas y la toma del poder. El suyo era un antagonismo bien arraigado que se remontaba a los años veinte y treinta, cuando la llamada “Internacional verde” de Praga se opuso tanto al comunismo como ideología como a los esfuerzos de la “Internacional Campesina” o “Krestintern” patrocinada por Moscú por ganar apoyos entre la población rural europea. Entre 1944 y 1948 los partidos agrarios de Polonia, Hungría, Rumanía y Bulgaria sufrieron una presión creciente por parte de los partidos comunistas y las fuerzas de ocupación soviéticas hasta ser derrotados. Sus estructuras organizativas fueron desmanteladas o absorbidas y sus líderes forzados al exilio o a acomodarse al nuevo régimen y en muchos casos encarcelados o ejecutados.
Agrarian parties were particularly strong in the region conquered by the Red Army during the final stages of the Second World War. In the few years between the defeat of Germany and her allies and the imposition of regimes along Soviet lines, they became the main obstacle between the Communist parties and the conquer of power. Theirs was a deep-rooted antagonism, stretching back to the twenties and thirties when the so-called Green International of Prague opposed Communism as an ideology as well the efforts of the Moscow-sponsored Peasant International or Krestintern to gain support among the European rural population. Between 1944 and 1948 the agrarian parties in Poland, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria suffered an increasing pressure from the Communist parties and the Soviet occupation forces until they were defeated. Their organizational structures were disbanded or absorbed and their leaders forced to exile or integrate into the new system, or in many cases jailed or executed.
Agrarian parties were particularly strong in the region conquered by the Red Army during the final stages of the Second World War. In the few years between the defeat of Germany and her allies and the imposition of regimes along Soviet lines, they became the main obstacle between the Communist parties and the conquer of power. Theirs was a deep-rooted antagonism, stretching back to the twenties and thirties when the so-called Green International of Prague opposed Communism as an ideology as well the efforts of the Moscow-sponsored Peasant International or Krestintern to gain support among the European rural population. Between 1944 and 1948 the agrarian parties in Poland, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria suffered an increasing pressure from the Communist parties and the Soviet occupation forces until they were defeated. Their organizational structures were disbanded or absorbed and their leaders forced to exile or integrate into the new system, or in many cases jailed or executed.
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Cabo, M. (2022). Fin de trayecto. El desmantelamiento de los partidos agrarios en Europa centro-oriental, 1944-1948. Historia Social, 102, 163-183








