Hacktivismo y participación: entre la criminalización de lo no convencional y la constitución de nuevos actores políticos

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Associação Ibérica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informação
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El siglo XXI ha visto incrementarse las formas de participación política no convencional dentro del ciberespacio. Entre las más destacadas está el hacktivismo o ciber activismo, que resulta un término equívoco y esquivo en su análisis. Este tipo de acciones se ha consolidado, aunque no deja de ser objeto de criminalización, tanto por su ámbito de acción como por el carácter presuntamente joven de sus protagonistas. El objetivo del presente artículo es determinar la naturaleza no delictiva de este tipo de acciones y su adecuación como instrumento de participación y movilización política en el contexto actual. Para ello se realiza una revisión de su génesis y desarrollo. Independientemente de si se entiende como un mecanismo de participación o como un tipo particular de movimientos social el hacktivismo es una realidad que ha venido para quedarse y parece que para expandirse en la sociedad global post covid-19.
The 21st century has seen increased forms of unconventional political participation within cyberspace. Among the most prominent stands hacktivism or cyber activism, which is an ambiguous and elusive term in its analysis. This type of action has been already consolidated, although it is still criminalized, both for its scope and for the presumably young character of its protagonists. The aim of this article is to determine the non-criminal nature of this type of action and its suitability as a political participation and mobilization device in the current context. For this, a review of its genesis and development is carried out. Regardless of whether it is understood as a participation mechanism or as a particular type of social movement, Hacktivism is a reality that has come to stay and seems to expand in the post-covid-19 global society.

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© 2020. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International