Residues of anilinopyrimidine fungicides and suspected metabolites in wine samples

Abstract

The coexistence of the anilinopyrimidine fungicides pyrimethanil (PYR) and cyprodinil (CYP), and suspected metabolites in wine samples was investigated by liquid chromatography (LC) with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), based on triple quadrupole (QqQ) and quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) MS instruments. For the first time, quantitative data obtained after solid-phase extraction (SPE) of wine samples have demonstrated the systematic presence of 4-hydroxyanilino derivatives of PYR and CYP in wines containing residues of parent fungicides, at concentrations from 0.2 to 58 ng mL−1. Higher concentration ratios (hydroxylated derivative/active fungicide) were measured in red than in white wines, particularly in case of PYR. On average, the concentrations of PYR-4OH were twice those measured for PYR in red wines. A targeted search of hydroxyl derivatives in wine extracts by LC-QTOF-MS showed the existence of additional hydroxylation positions in the pyrimidine ring and/or in the alkyl substituents bond to this cycle in the structure of both anti-botrytis fungicides. Moreover, free and glycosylated forms of the hydroxylated metabolites for both fungicides coexist in wine samples. In case of CYP, it is proved that hydroxylated and glycosylated metabolites are already present in grapes before vinification