Implicaciones pronósticas del intervencionismo coronario percutáneo en la cirugía cardíaca
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[ES] INTRODUCCIÓN: en los últimos años se ha incrementado el número de pacientes intervenidos de cirugía cardíaca y que son portadores de uno o varios stent coronarios implantados previamente.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: entre enero de 2004 y Diciembre de 2009 se randomizaron 100 pacientes de nuestra base de datos quirúrgica y se estudió la mortalidad precoz y el desarrollo de MACEs. Se compararon con otros 100 pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca y portadores de uno o varios stent previos para estos mismos end point.
RESULTADOS: Un análisis de regresión logística multivariado mostró un incremento de mortalidad ajustada a riesgo en el grupo de pacientes con stent (odds ratio [OR], 7.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.08-27.7; p=0.002). El tiempo post-implante de stent inferior a 3 meses se asocia con un incremento de mortalidad ajustada a riesgo (OR: 3.97; 95% CI: 1,26-12,5; p=0,018). Un análisis de regresión logística no paramétrica determinó una relación inversamente proporcional entre la mortalidad y el tiempo transcurrido post-implante de stent, p=0,039. Para estudiar la repercusión del tipo de stent en la tasa de mortalidad, se efectuó otro análisis de regresión logística que reveló un incremento no significativo de mortalidad en el grupo de pacientes con stent farmacoactivo (OR: 3.17; 95% CI: 0,939-10,729; p=0.06)
CONCLUSIONES: Los pacientes portadores de uno o varios stent previos a la cirugía presentan un mayor riesgo de mortalidad precoz postoperatoria. Ese incremento de riesgo es inversamente proporcional al tiempo transcurrido desde el implante del stent, siendo el punto de inflexión pronóstico 1 año, y el punto de tiempo que mejor discrimina la predicción de mortalidad 88 días.
[EN] BACKGROUND: In recent years the number of patients undergoing cardiac surgery with a previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) it has been progressively increased. We sought to determine the impact of previous PCI on patient outcome after every type of cardiac surgery, as well as the impact of the time elapsed between PCI and surgery and the type of stent implanted. METHODS AND RESULTS: Between January 2004 and December 2009, 100 patients randomized from our surgical baseline data undergoing cardiac surgery were evaluated for in-hospital mortality and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) and were compared with 100 patients undergoing surgery after single or multiple PCI. Risk-adjusted multivariate logistic-regression analysis revealed previous PCI to be strongly associated with in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR], 7.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.08-27.7; p=0.002). Time elapsed after PCI lower than 3 months results to be strongly associated with in-hospital mortality (OR: 3.97; 95% CI: 1,26-12,5; p=0,018). Inverted relationship between mortality and days after PCI was determined by multivariate non-parametric logistic regression analysis, p=0.039. In order to determine the prognostic importance in mortality after cardiac surgery in function of stent type, another multivariate non-parametric logistic regression analysis was performed, and revealed a non significative mortality risk elevation in patients presenting drug-eluting stents (OR: 3.17; 95% CI: 0,939-10,729; p=0.06). CONCLUSSIONS: In patients with a history of PCI, perioperative risk for in-hospital mortality during subsequent elective cardiac surgery is significantly increased. This increase of risk is inversely proportional to the time elapsed after PCI until surgery. The time point which best discriminates mortality risk is 88 days, whith a risk stabilization after 1 year post-PCI. There is a mortality risk increasing trend in patients whith DES.
[EN] BACKGROUND: In recent years the number of patients undergoing cardiac surgery with a previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) it has been progressively increased. We sought to determine the impact of previous PCI on patient outcome after every type of cardiac surgery, as well as the impact of the time elapsed between PCI and surgery and the type of stent implanted. METHODS AND RESULTS: Between January 2004 and December 2009, 100 patients randomized from our surgical baseline data undergoing cardiac surgery were evaluated for in-hospital mortality and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) and were compared with 100 patients undergoing surgery after single or multiple PCI. Risk-adjusted multivariate logistic-regression analysis revealed previous PCI to be strongly associated with in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR], 7.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.08-27.7; p=0.002). Time elapsed after PCI lower than 3 months results to be strongly associated with in-hospital mortality (OR: 3.97; 95% CI: 1,26-12,5; p=0,018). Inverted relationship between mortality and days after PCI was determined by multivariate non-parametric logistic regression analysis, p=0.039. In order to determine the prognostic importance in mortality after cardiac surgery in function of stent type, another multivariate non-parametric logistic regression analysis was performed, and revealed a non significative mortality risk elevation in patients presenting drug-eluting stents (OR: 3.17; 95% CI: 0,939-10,729; p=0.06). CONCLUSSIONS: In patients with a history of PCI, perioperative risk for in-hospital mortality during subsequent elective cardiac surgery is significantly increased. This increase of risk is inversely proportional to the time elapsed after PCI until surgery. The time point which best discriminates mortality risk is 88 days, whith a risk stabilization after 1 year post-PCI. There is a mortality risk increasing trend in patients whith DES.
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MARTÍNEZ CEREIJO, José Manuel: «Implicaciones pronósticas del intervencionismo coronario percutáneo en la cirugía cardíaca». Santiago de Compostela: Universidade. Servizo de Publicacións e Intercambio Científico, 2011. ISBN 978-84-9887-644-4
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