El anonimato del donante en la procreación mediante técnicas de reproducción asistida
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ISSN: 0034-7922
E-ISSN: 2695-7264
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Abstract
La verdad biológica, como principio rector del régimen de filiación, se ha visto dañada tras la aparición de las técnicas de reproducción asistida en aquellos casos en los que el material reproductor proviene de un donante, pues la Ley 14/2006, de 26 de mayo, sobre Técnicas de Reproducción Humana Asistida, prevé su anonimato, lo que genera un problema de difícil solución en el momento en que el nacido quiera ejercer su derecho a conocer quién es su progenitor. Ante tal situación, la norma atribuye a los hijos nacidos mediante estas técnicas el derecho a obtener información general de los donantes (art. 5.5 LTRA) con la única salvedad de garantizar la confidencialidad en torno a la identidad de estos. Surge entonces un conflicto entre el derecho a la intimidad de los donantes, previsto en el artículo 18 de la Constitución española y el derecho de los hijos a conocer sus orígenes. Llegados a este punto, nos preguntamos si resulta correcto privar al nacido de la posibilidad de conocer su origen, o lo que es lo mismo, si queda salvaguardado el derecho de los nacidos en estas condiciones a su identidad genética. Y es que la cuestión del anonimato del donante y su posible inconstitucionalidad constituye uno de los temas más complejos en el campo del Derecho de Familia.
The biological truth, as the guiding principle of the filiation regime, has been damaged after the appearance of assisted reproduction techniques. In such cases in where the reproductive material comes from a donor, Law 14/2006 May 26, Techniques of Assisted Human Reproduction, foresees the donor’s anonymity; this generates a problem that is difficult to solve when the child wants to exercise his right to know who his or her parent is. Faced with this situation, the norm attributes to children born through these techniques the right to obtain general information from donors (article 5.5 LTRA) with the only exception of guaranteeing confidentiality regarding their identity. Then arises a conflict between the right to privacy of donors, provided in Article 18 of the Spanish Constitution and the right of children to know their origins. At this point, we ask ourselves if it is right to deprive the born of the possibility of knowing its origin, or what is the same, if the right of those born in these conditions to their genetic identity is safeguarded. And, it is this, the question of the anonymity of the donor and its possible ‘unconstitutionality’ that constitutes one of the most complex issues in the field of Family Law.
The biological truth, as the guiding principle of the filiation regime, has been damaged after the appearance of assisted reproduction techniques. In such cases in where the reproductive material comes from a donor, Law 14/2006 May 26, Techniques of Assisted Human Reproduction, foresees the donor’s anonymity; this generates a problem that is difficult to solve when the child wants to exercise his right to know who his or her parent is. Faced with this situation, the norm attributes to children born through these techniques the right to obtain general information from donors (article 5.5 LTRA) with the only exception of guaranteeing confidentiality regarding their identity. Then arises a conflict between the right to privacy of donors, provided in Article 18 of the Spanish Constitution and the right of children to know their origins. At this point, we ask ourselves if it is right to deprive the born of the possibility of knowing its origin, or what is the same, if the right of those born in these conditions to their genetic identity is safeguarded. And, it is this, the question of the anonymity of the donor and its possible ‘unconstitutionality’ that constitutes one of the most complex issues in the field of Family Law.
Description
I. Introducción.
II. Confidencialidad de los donantes en las técnicas de reproducción asistida heteróloga:
1. Justificación de la confidencialidad.
2. El anonimato del donante y su alcance.
III. El derecho a conocer el origen biológico:
1. Consideraciones generales.
2. La verdad biológica de los nacidos mediante la utilización de las técnicas de reproducción asistida.
IV. Conflicto de intereses entre derecho a la intimidad y derecho a conocer el propio origen biológico.
V. Bibliografía.
Bibliographic citation
Madriñán Vázquez, M. (2018), "El anonimato del donante en la procreación mediante técnicas de reproducción asistida", Revista de Derecho Privado, Año nº 102, mes 4, 2018, pp. 127-149
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https://doi.org/10.30462/RDP-2018-04-04-653Sponsors
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International







