Control mecánico de la planta invasora Tradescantia fluminensis: efectos sobre la vegetación ribereña y los artrópodos epígeos
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Asociación Española de Ecología Terrestre
Abstract
Tradescantia fluminensis es una planta herbácea invasora que afecta especialmente a sistemas ribereños. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el impacto de T. fluminensis sobre la vegetación y los artrópodos epígeos, así como comparar los efectos del corte mecánico y la retirada manual de la invasora sobre estas comunidades. Utilizando un diseño BACI (“Before-After-Control-Impact”) comparamos zonas invadidas y no invadidas “Antes” (marzo) y “Después” (mayo) de los tratamientos. La invasora mostró un impacto negativo sobre la vegetación nativa debido a su alta producción de biomasa aérea, con la que tapiza el sotobosque. No apreciamos impactos en los artrópodos por la invasión Antes, pero el aumento de riqueza y abundancia registrado en zonas no invadidas fue menor en las zonas invadidas Después. La retirada manual redujo la cobertura de T. fluminensis en un 70 %, favoreciendo una sucesión secundaria temprana: la comunidad vegetal recuperó especies propias de zonas no invadidas y aumentó la cobertura de muchas de las ya presentes. Además, la retirada manual aumentó la riqueza y abundancia de artrópodos. En cambio, el corte mecánico no logró reducir la presencia de T. fluminensis ni mejoró la respuesta de la comunidad vegetal o de artrópodos epígeos. Este trabajo supone una primera aproximación a la recuperación de entornos fluviales invadidos por T. fluminensis en la península ibérica. Concluimos que el corte, método comúnmente empleado, no favorece la recuperación de las zonas previamente invadidas, mientras que la retirada manual lo consigue sin afectar negativamente a los artrópodos epígeos.
Tradescantia fluminensis is an herbaceous invasive plant that particularly affects riparian ecosystems. This study aimed to assess the impact of T. fluminensis on vegetation and epigeic arthropods, as well as to compare the effects of mechanical cutting and uprooting (hand-pulling) of the invader on these communities. Using a BACI (“Before-After-Control-Impact”) design, we compared invaded and non-invaded areas before (March) and after (May) treatments. The invader showed a negative impact on native vegetation due to its high production of aerial biomass, which forms dense mats over the understory. No significant effects of the invasion on arthropods were detected Before, but the subsequent increase in richness and abundance in non-invaded areas was lower in invaded areas After. Uprooting reduced T. fluminensis cover by 70%, promoting an early secondary succession: the plant community recovered species typical of non-invaded areas and increased the cover of many already present. Moreover, uprooting enhanced both the richness and abundance of epigeic arthropods. In contrast, mechanical cutting did not significantly reduce T. fluminensis cover nor improve the response of the vegetation or arthropod communities. This study represents the first approach to the restoration of riparian environments invaded by T. fluminensis in the Iberian Peninsula. We conclude that mechanical cutting, a commonly used control method, does not promote recovery of previously invaded areas, whereas uprooting effectively enhances ecological restoration without negatively affecting epigeic arthropods.
Tradescantia fluminensis is an herbaceous invasive plant that particularly affects riparian ecosystems. This study aimed to assess the impact of T. fluminensis on vegetation and epigeic arthropods, as well as to compare the effects of mechanical cutting and uprooting (hand-pulling) of the invader on these communities. Using a BACI (“Before-After-Control-Impact”) design, we compared invaded and non-invaded areas before (March) and after (May) treatments. The invader showed a negative impact on native vegetation due to its high production of aerial biomass, which forms dense mats over the understory. No significant effects of the invasion on arthropods were detected Before, but the subsequent increase in richness and abundance in non-invaded areas was lower in invaded areas After. Uprooting reduced T. fluminensis cover by 70%, promoting an early secondary succession: the plant community recovered species typical of non-invaded areas and increased the cover of many already present. Moreover, uprooting enhanced both the richness and abundance of epigeic arthropods. In contrast, mechanical cutting did not significantly reduce T. fluminensis cover nor improve the response of the vegetation or arthropod communities. This study represents the first approach to the restoration of riparian environments invaded by T. fluminensis in the Iberian Peninsula. We conclude that mechanical cutting, a commonly used control method, does not promote recovery of previously invaded areas, whereas uprooting effectively enhances ecological restoration without negatively affecting epigeic arthropods.
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González-Outeiriño, F., Loira-García, A., Retuerto, R., Rodríguez, J. 2025. Control mecánico de la planta invasora Tradescantia fluminensis: efectos sobre la vegetación ribereña y los artrópodos epígeos. Ecosistemas 34(3): 3078. https://doi.org/10.7818/ECOS.3078
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https://doi.org/10.7818/ECOS.3078Sponsors
Proyecto RENATUR_OUTES ‘Renaturalización fluvial del Río Tines a su paso por el municipio de Outes – Actuaciones dirigidas a la restauración de ecosistemas fluviales’ con el apoyo de la Fundación Biodiversidad en la convocatoria de ayudas para el fomento de actuaciones dirigidas a la restauración de ecosistemas fluviales y a la reducción del riesgo de inundación en los entornos urbanos españoles a través de soluciones basadas en la naturaleza, correspondiente al año 2021 en el marco del Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia (PRTR), financiado por la Unión Europea – NextGenerationEU.
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Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International







